Hi Frank,
Thank you for your purchase.

I can suggest you to use this filter exactly for mysql

wpdatatables_filter_mysql_query( $query, $table_id )

This filter is applied to the MySQL query before it is sent to MySQL server. $query is the query text, $table_id is the table identifier from the MySQL table (wp_wpdatatables).

Also take a look at this documentation where you can find some useful filters which can be defined by user.  We have also have documentation about actions so I suggest you to take a look at this too.
Here is a video where you can see how to use them. I hope you can find what are you trying to achieve.

Example:

You can change the possible values to 0 and 1 for example select box or checkbox filter and then using jQuery change text of these filter values from 1 to Yes and from 0 to No.

You can do this using jQuery text() function. Just change Selecter from this example with your filters selecter:

('#table_1 > tfoot > tr > td.header.sort._newcolumn_1 > span > div > div > span.selecter-item.selected').text('Yes');