I've created a table that include both an Post Author Column and a wp_user.ID column. 

On the "Editing" tab, I've set the "User ID Column" to my  wp_user.ID column. 

When I login with a user that has data, no data is visible in the table?

This is the query I am using:

SELECT posts_deliverable.ID AS deliverable_ID,
       posts_deliverable.post_title AS deliverable_post_title,
       CONCAT('<a href="',posts_deliverable.guid,'">',posts_deliverable.post_title,'</a>') AS deliverable_title_with_link_to_post,
       posts_deliverable.post_content AS deliverable_post_content,
       posts_deliverable.post_status AS deliverable_post_status,
       posts_deliverable_author.display_name AS deliverable_post_author,
       posts_deliverable_author.ID AS deliverable_post_user_ID,
       deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl.name AS deliverable_taxonomy_category
FROM wp_posts AS posts_deliverable
  INNER JOIN wp_users AS posts_deliverable_author
     ON posts_deliverable_author.ID = posts_deliverable.post_author
  INNER JOIN (SELECT name, object_id as id FROM wp_terms AS deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl_terms INNER JOIN wp_term_taxonomy AS deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl_termtaxonomy ON deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl_termtaxonomy.term_id = deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl_terms.term_id  AND deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl_termtaxonomy.taxonomy = 'category' INNER JOIN wp_term_relationships AS rel_deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl  ON deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl_termtaxonomy.term_taxonomy_id = rel_deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl.term_taxonomy_id) AS deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl
     ON deliverable_taxonomy_category_tbl.ID = posts_deliverable.id 
WHERE 1=1 

Yes sorry I meant wp_users.

The query includes   INNER JOIN wp_users AS posts_deliverable_author

Is this not enough?